INTRODUCTION
Living without Internet for a day may be horrible dream for everyone. Internet is critical part of human beings life due to its usage in all areas of human life such as education, entertainment, industry, job, sports and market, etc. Internet is a medium by which human can share the data and information across the global in just a second.
The servers store files and information in the form of websites. These websites comprises of millions of pages which consist of text, graphic, video, audio and link to other web pages via hyperlink.
Have you ever thought that what lies behind a web pages? which is the technology that is used in a backend to write the web pages. We need language to create websites. HTML is one of the language which computer understands and HTML is the one which lies behind a web pages and does all the settings.
HISTORY OF HTML
HTML was started in decade of 1980. IBM was the inspiration of this initiation. The first name of it was GML (General Markup Language).
It was a powerful language that aimed at creating a document in which one could mark the title, headings, text, font selection and much more. In 1986, this concept got changed by ISO and was renamed to SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language). In 1989 it named HTML (Hyper text markup language).
INTERNET WORKING OF HTML
HTML works through using of tags. A tags is word that is interpreted by browser to do something. Tag has two angular brackets, i.e., opening and closing brackets (< and >). It instructs the browser to display something, do any specific action, define parts and section, etc.
MORE ABOUT TAGS
Tags can be treated as programming statements of HTML. HTML is not a case sensitive language so tags and their information can be typed in case. Each tag in HTML follows specific rules known as syntax. Tags are used for forms, images and lists. There are infinite combination of HTML tags/ elements which created everything related to web page. HTML elements can be categorized in two types.
- Container Elements
- Empty Elements
In HTML, the tags that include both ON and OFF tags are called Container elements. A tags is opened using opening angle brackets </> and closed using closing brackets</>.
EMPTY ELEMENTS
Empty elements contain only ON tags. They do not have OFF tags. These elements do not enclose any data. They have their own functions. for example, <BR> tag is an empty tag which breaks the line and displays the text from the next line.
CREATING HTML DOCUMENT
HTML is a markup language and it is not an application software. It does not define itself by its own working environment. We can create an HTML document in any word processor like notepad, Wordpad, etc. When a file is created it is saved with .htm or .html file extension. We will use Notepad here to create an HTML document.
You should follow these steps to create an HTML Document.
- Open Notepad by giving Start > All programs > Accessories > Notepad.
- The screen of Notepad will be appeared.
- Type the HTML code as shown in the figure.
- Click on the file > save menu option. Save as dialog box will be appeared. Select the location where you want to save the file. Type the file name in the file name text box with an extension .htm or .html .
- Click on the Save button.
